草莓種植棚的栽培方法

種(zhong)植(zhi)草莓(mei)的方(fang)法有(you)兩種(zhong)

       ①促成種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植：這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植方(fang)法是當(dang)其休眠之前逐漸進(jin)行隔熱保(bao)(bao)溫,不許主莖進(jin)入到休眠模式(shi)(shi),但是在冬天也可(ke)以生(sheng)長,使草莓提早結果實的(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)。果子(zi)始熟期通常在十(shi)一月下(xia)旬(xun)或十(shi)二月上旬(xun)。草莓種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植棚(peng)的(de)這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植方(fang)法常用(yong)的(de)保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)設備因地域(yu)而異(yi),在我們的(de)華(hua)北(bei)地區(qu),宜采(cai)用(yong)高效率的(de)環(huan)保(bao)(bao)日光溫室大(da)棚(peng),而在長江中下(xia)游及南(nan)端地域(yu)宜采(cai)用(yong)塑料大(da)棚(peng)。

       ②促(cu)成種植(zhi)的種類(lei)挑選：這(zhe)種種植(zhi)方法常用(yong)(yong)種類(lei)挑選應當以(yi)淺休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)式(shi)種類(lei)為(wei)宜,但休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)式(shi)水平稍深的類(lei)別可采(cai)用(yong)(yong)生(sheng)長(chang)素和(he)(he)柔光(guang)燈(deng)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)處(chu)理(li)來避免休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)式(shi)。草莓栽植(zhi)后,伴隨著陽光(guang)照(zhao)射(she)的減(jian)少(shao)和(he)(he)溫(wen)度的減(jian)少(shao),在(zai)即(ji)將進(jin)入(ru)到休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)式(shi)而并未(wei)休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)式(shi)時(shi)(shi)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)扣(kou)棚(peng)隔(ge)熱(re)保(bao)溫(wen),輔之生(sheng)長(chang)素加(jia)(jia)工(gong)處(chu)理(li)和(he)(he)人為(wei)增加(jia)(jia)陽光(guang)照(zhao)射(she),避免主莖(jing)休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)式(shi)矮化,推動主莖(jing)正常的生(sheng)長(chang)發育。扣(kou)棚(peng)隔(ge)熱(re)保(bao)溫(wen)適期是當外(wai)部晚間溫(wen)度降至8℃~10℃時(shi)(shi)。華北地區大(da)概在(zai)10月下旬逐漸隔(ge)熱(re)保(bao)溫(wen),隔(ge)熱(re)保(bao)溫(wen)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)農用(yong)(yong)地膜、棚(peng)膜、草苫或(huo)保(bao)溫(wen)被等。

       ③早熟種植：這種種植方(fang)(fang)法就是指(zhi)草莓在冬(dong)天或(huo)(huo)秋天時(shi)的(de)大(da)自(zi)然常(chang)溫標準下(xia)基本上實(shi)現大(da)自(zi)然休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)式(shi)之后(hou),再運(yun)用設(she)備做好隔(ge)熱保溫或(huo)(huo)升溫,來推(tui)動(dong)主莖(jing)生長(chang)(chang)發(fa)育和(he)結果(guo)(guo)實(shi),使果(guo)(guo)子提早采摘上市(shi)的(de)一類種植方(fang)(fang)式(shi)。它(ta)是采用較深(shen)的(de)休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)式(shi)的(de)方(fang)(fang)式(shi),當主莖(jing)生長(chang)(chang)發(fa)育至基本上依據生理休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)式(shi),還(huan)處在休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)期期時(shi),逐(zhu)漸隔(ge)熱保溫,并給(gei)與(yu)推(tui)動(dong)消除(chu)休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)式(shi)的(de)對策,如高溫天氣、陽光照射(she)、生長(chang)(chang)素加工(gong)處理等(deng)方(fang)(fang)式(shi),如此(ci),主莖(jing)就能正常(chang)的(de)生長(chang)(chang)發(fa)育和(he)結果(guo)(guo)實(shi)。

      ④早(zao)熟種(zhong)植(zhi)的(de)(de)種(zhong)類挑(tiao)選：草莓種(zhong)植(zhi)棚(peng)的(de)(de)這種(zhong)種(zhong)植(zhi)方法常用設備(bei),北方大(da)多(duo)為一(yi)般塑料膜(mo)大(da)棚(peng)或中(zhong)拱(gong)棚(peng)等(deng),南方地區多(duo)采用塑料膜(mo)的(de)(de)大(da)、中(zhong)或小(xiao)拱(gong)棚(peng)。休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)淺的(de)(de)種(zhong)類,常溫(wen)需要(yao)(yao)量(liang)低的(de)(de)種(zhong)類,消除休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)時間早(zao),能夠早(zao)隔(ge)熱保(bao)溫(wen);休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)深的(de)(de)種(zhong)類,常溫(wen)需要(yao)(yao)量(liang)高,消除休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)階段(duan)晚,隔(ge)熱和保(bao)溫(wen)的(de)(de)階段(duan)可適度(du)晚一(yi)點(dian)。隔(ge)熱保(bao)溫(wen)太早(zao)主莖(jing)尚在休(xiu)眠(mian)(mian)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi),發生(sheng)矮化,葉莖(jing)不伸展,葉子小(xiao),結果硬而(er)小(xiao),產量(liang)低,質量(liang)差(cha);隔(ge)熱保(bao)溫(wen)過晚,主莖(jing)易發生(sheng)陡長,早(zao)熟實際效果不顯著,影響到經濟價值。